Antioxidant, lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities, and hepatoprotective effect of extracts of Phyllanthus emblica L. fruits

Nguyen Manh Cuong; Pham Ngoc Khanh; Tran Thu Huong; Vu Thi Ha; Hoang Thi Ngoc Anh; Do Thi Thao; Nguyen Thi Cuc; To Dao Cuong

doi:10.15625/2525-2518/16110

Author affiliations

Authors

Nguyen Manh Cuong Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3379-8827
Pham Ngoc Khanh Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
Tran Thu Huong Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
Vu Thi Ha Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
Hoang Thi Ngoc Anh Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
Do Thi Thao Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Nguyen Thi Cuc Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
To Dao Cuong Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong District, Ha Noi, Viet Nam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/16110

Keywords:

Phyllanthus emblica, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, lipid peroxidation, phenolic acid.

Abstract

Phyllanthus emblica L., commonly known by Vietnamese people as “Me rừng” or “Me mận”, is widely distributed in Viet Nam and has been used in folk medicines for treatment of numerous ailments. The preparation of P. emblica fruit extracts in different solvent types have significant effects on extraction efficiency, phytochemical profile, and biological activity. This study aims to investigate the effects of six different solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, water, 50 %, 70 %, and 96 % ethanol) used in the production of the corresponding extracts, denoted PE-M, PE-EA, PE-W, PE-50Et, PE-70Et, and PE-96Et, respectively) on phytochemical yield, in vitro antioxidant capacity, ex vivo lipid peroxidative inhibitory activity, and hepatoprotective potential of P. emblica fruits collected in Viet Nam. Our results showed that the PE-M and PE-96Et extracts of P. emblica fruits possessed the highest total phenolic content (321.6 and 287.9 GAE mg/g, respectively). However, because of its low toxicity, PE-96Et turned into the best potential candidate with DPPH antioxidant capacity (SC₅₀of 4.17 µg/mL), lipid peroxidative inhibitory activity via MDA assay (IC₅₀ of 3.54 µg/mL), and hepatoprotective activity on CCl₄ intoxicated liver platform (PC₅₀ of 56.6 µg/mL). The HPLC-MS profiles of the PE-M and the PE-96Et extracts showed the presence of mucic acid 3-O-gallate (1), mucic acid 2-O-gallate (2), mucic acid 1,4-lactone 3-O-gallate (3), glucogallin (4), mucic acid 1,4-lactone 2-O-gallate (5), gallic acid (6), mucic acid dimethyl ester 3-O-gallate (7), mucic acid 1,4-lactone 1-ethyl ester 2-O-gallate (8), and quercetin (9). The results indicated that the 96 % ethanol extract of P. emblica fruits is highly potential for further investigation and development of hepatoprotective products.

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