PM2.5-bound PAHs in the indoor and outdoor air of nursery schools in Ha Noi, Viet Nam and health implication

Vo Thi Le Ha; Nguyen Thi Thu Hien; Nghiem Trung Dung; Nguyen Lan Anh; Thai Ha Vinh; Minoru Yoneda

doi:10.15625/2525-2518/58/3/14224

Author affiliations

Authors

Vo Thi Le Ha School ofEnvironmental Science and Technology, Hanoi Univesity of Sience and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Nguyen Thi Thu Hien School ofEnvironmental Science and Technology, Hanoi Univesity of Sience and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Nghiem Trung Dung School ofEnvironmental Science and Technology, Hanoi Univesity of Sience and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Nguyen Lan Anh Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Thai Ha Vinh Vietnam National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 99 Tran Quoc Toan, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Minoru Yoneda Deparment of Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/58/3/14224

Keywords:

Indoor air quality, PAH, PM2.5, health risk assessment, nursery school, Hanoi

Abstract

32 daily PM_2.5 samples were collected parallelly outdoor and indoor at sixteen nursery schools in Hanoi.15 individual PAHs were analyzed by GC/MS. Mutagenicpotential (MP) and carcinogenic potential (CP) were used to evaluate carcinogenic and mutagenic risk contribution. The mean indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations were 38.7μg/m³ and 93.3 μg/m³ respectively, which exceeded WHO Air quality guideline (2004). The mean ∑15PAH concentrations in indoor and outdoor air samples were 267.1 ng/m³ and 843.4 ng/m³, respectively. There was a good correlation of PM_2.5 and PAHs between indoors & outdoors. Indoor MEQ_å7PAHs was 41.4 ng/m³, whilst outdoor MEQ_å7PAHs was 137.3 ng/m³. The mean level of indoor TEQ_å15PAH was 64.6 ng/m³, whereas the outdoor TEQ_å15PAH was208.8 ng/m³. Dibenz(a,h)anthracene (DahA) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) are the most contributors on the carcinogenicity and mutagenity of PAHs indoors and outdoors.

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