Preparation of expandable flake-graphites with different particle sizes and their flame-retardant application for polypropylene

Nhung Hac Thi; Thi Thu Hien Nguyen; Truong Cong Doanh; Do Thi Mai Huong; Tien Dat Doan; Ho Thi Oanh; Nguyen Duc Tuyen; Mai Ha Hoang

doi:10.15625/2525-2518/17531

Author affiliations

Authors

Nhung Hac Thi Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Thi Thu Hien Nguyen Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Truong Cong Doanh Hanoi University of Industry, 298 Cau Dien, Bac Tu Liem, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Do Thi Mai Huong University of Fire Prevention and Fighting, 243 Khuat Duy Tien, Thanh Xuan, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Tien Dat Doan Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Ho Thi Oanh Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Nguyen Duc Tuyen Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Mai Ha Hoang Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/17531

Keywords:

Graphite, flake-graphite, flame retardant , polypropylene

Abstract

Bisulfate intercalated graphites with different particle sizes were prepared by a chemically oxidative method using natural flaky graphites as raw materials. The morphology and structure of the expandable graphites were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, and scanning electron microscope. The effect of the particle size on the expanded volume was also investigated. Expandable graphite with +100 mesh particle size (EG₁₀₀) showed the highest expanded volume of 225 mL/g. Moreover, a combination of expandable graphite, red phosphorus (RP), and melamine cyanurate (MC) into a polypropylene (PP) matrix exhibited a synergistic flame retardant effect. The composite loading EG₁₀₀, RP, and MC with a mass ratio of 1:1:1 and a total filler content of 18 wt.% achieved a UL94 V-0 rating and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 28.9 %. The effect of particle size of expandable graphite on the mechanical properties was also evaluated.

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