Modeling Using Box Behnken Design for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Low Grade Cooking Oil

Nursyamimi Zulkurnain; Aisyah Fathiah Ahmad; Salmiah Jamal Mat Rosid; Azman Azid; Susilawati Toemen

doi:10.15625/2525-2518/19322

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Authors

Nursyamimi Zulkurnain Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
Aisyah Fathiah Ahmad Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
Salmiah Jamal Mat Rosid UniSZA Science and Medicine Foundation Centre, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4482-0305
Azman Azid Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
Susilawati Toemen Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/19322

Keywords:

low-grade cooking oil, heterogeneous-base catalyst, transesterification, biodiesel, RSM

Abstract

The demand to an alternative for the depletion of diesel oil, has steered to the production of biodiesel as an alternative fuel. Nowadays, there is a growing need for biodiesel, which is typically produced using a base-catalyzed transesterification reaction. Therefore, this research utilizing a low-grade cooking oil as the biodiesel feedstock and Ca/Mg/Al2O3 as a heterogenous base catalyst using wetness impregnation method. The potential catalyst was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) by varying parameters of calcination temperature, catalyst dosage and reaction time. The optimum parameter obtained from the RSM are 800°C calcination temperature, 6wt% catalyst dosage and 1 hour reaction time. The validation is carried out using optimum parameter and it gave 48.30% of biodiesel production.

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