OCEAN CHANGE AND CLIMATE CHANGE - TWO DIMENSIONS OF A PROBLEM
Author affiliations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/15/2/6500Keywords:
Open natural system, global water cycle, ocean change, ocean acidification, ocean warming, hypoxia, sea level rise, marine pollution and overuse of marine resources.Abstract
The world ocean, including oceans and marginal seas, covers 71% of the Earth’s area and has been considered as a supportive system to the Earth’s life. Especially, the ocean maintains food and energy security for humankind while such sources are being exhausted on the mainlands. The climate change and its impacts on oceans, coasts and islands have been know more than ocean change and its impacts on climate system. The scientists have continuously affirmed that climate change and ocean change are closely related and are considered as two dimensions of the same problem. The paper presents the ocean change, the role of the ocean in adapting to the impacts of the climate change and the approaches to respond to the changes worldwide and in Vietnam.Downloads
Metrics
References
Noone, K., Sumaila, R., and Diaz, R., 2012. Valuing the Ocean. Stockholm: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-407668-6.00001-X
Botkin, D. B., and Keller, E. A., 2000. Environmental Science: Earth as a Living Planet. Third Edition, New York-Chichester-Weinheim-Brisbane-Singapore-Toronto.
Nguyễn Chu Hồi và nnk, 2012. Quy hoạch không gian biển và vùng bờ biển. Nxb. Nông nghiệp, Hà Nội.
Robert J Díaz, 2013. The Coast and Oceans: Home of the Excess Nutrients! Report in 2nd Global Conference on Land-Ocean Connections, Jamaica.
The US Joint Ocean Commission, 2009. Changing Oceans, Changing World: Ocean Priorities for the Obama Administration and Congress. Recommendations from the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative, Washington D.C., USA.
Nguyễn Chu Hồi, 2005. Cơ sở Tài nguyên và Môi trường biển. Nxb. Đại học quốc gia Hà Nội.
Wilkinson, C. R. (chief editor), 2008. Status of Coral Reefs of the World in 2002. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville.
Cheung, W. W. L., Lam, V. W. Y., Sarmiento, J. L., Kearney, K., Watson, R., Zeller, D., and Pauly, D., 2009. Redistribution of Fish Catch by Climate Change. Ocean Science Series, The PEW Environment Group, Washington D.C.
UNEP, 2012. Report on Ocean Health Index in 2012. Nairobi, Kenya.
Turekian, K. K., 1979. Các đại dương. Nxb. Khoa học, Vacsava (tiếng Ba Lan).
FAO, 2012. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012. Rome, Italy.
Donato, D. C., Kauffman, J. B., Murdiyarso, D., Kurnianto, S., Stidham, M., and Kanninen, M., 2011. Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics. Nature Geoscience, 4(5): 293-297. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1123
Cicin-Sain B. (ed.), 2009. Oceans and Climate Change: Is sues and Recommendations for Policymakers and for the Climate Negotiations. Brief Ocean Policy of Global Ocean Forum.
World Ocean Conference, 2009. Manado Ocean Declaration. Ministerial/High Level Meeting, Manado, Indonesia.
The Third Ministerial Forum East Asian Seas Congress, 2009. Manila Declaration on Strengthening the Implementation of Integrated Coastal Management for Sustainable Development and Climate Change Adaptation in the Seas of East Asia Region. Manila, Philippines.
Rio+20, 2012. Rio Ocean Declaration on “Calling for strong and immediate action to meet the sustainable development goals for oceans, coasts, and small island developing States (SIDS) at Rio+20 and beyond”. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.