Size-controlled synthesis of ZnO nanorods for highly sensitive NO\(_2\) gas sensors
Author affiliations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/18355Keywords:
alcohol-assisted hydrothermal; agglomeration; CuO; pH control; H2 detection;Abstract
The nanostructure of zinc oxide has excellent potential in gas sensing applications to detect and monitor toxic gases in the atmosphere. Appropriate nanostructures can enhance the performance of gas sensors. In this study, we report the controlled fabrication of ZnO nanorods of different sizes by a simple hydrothermal method, which can be applied to detect NO2 toxic gas efficiently. The size of the nanorods was controlled by varying the amount of D-Glucose. The morphology and crystal structure of the materials were analyzed using advanced techniques such as field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The sensor's response based on ZnO nanorods at 2 ppm NO2 is 13.3 and 18.8 times higher than that of 500 ppm CO and NH3, respectively. In addition, the sensor also exhibits good selectivity and repeatability for NO2 toxic gas; The optimum working temperature is about 150 oC.
\[H_2= H_1+ H_1 \tag{1}\] H2 hoac H2
Downloads
Metrics
References
Ü. Özgür, Y. I. Alivov, C. Liu, A. Teke, M. A. Reshchikov, S. Doğan, V. Avrutin, S.J. Cho, and H. Morkoç, A comprehensive review of ZnO materials and devices,” J. Appl. Phys. 98, (2005) 041301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1992666
Y. Kang, F. Yu, L. Zhang, W. Wang, L. Chen, and Y. Li, Review of ZnO-based nanomaterials in gas sensors, Solid State Ionics, 360 (2021) 115544. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2020.115544
Z. Zongyuan Liu, Lingmin Yu, Fen Guo, Sheng Liu, Lijun Qi, Minyu Shan, Xinhui Fan, Facial development of high performance room temperature NO2 gas sensors based on ZnO nanowalls decorated rGO nanosheets, Appl. Surf. Sci., 423 (2017) 721. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.06.160
D. Zhang, Y.-H. Liu, and L. Zhu, Surface engineering of ZnO nanoparticles with diethylenetriamine for efficient red quantum-dot light-emitting diodes, iScience, 25 (2022) 105111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105111
R. Dash, C. Mahender, P. Kumar Sahoo, and A. Soam, Preparation of ZnO layer for solar cell application, Mater. Today Proc, 41(2020) 161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.448
B. Yuliarto, M. F. Ramadhani, Nugraha, N. L. W. Septiani, and K. A. Hamam, Enhancement of SO2 gas sensing performance using ZnO nanorod thin films: the role of deposition time, J. Mater. Sci, 52 (2017) 4543. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0699-5
V. Dhingra, S. Kumar, R. Kumar, A. Garg, and A. Chowdhuri, Room temperature SO2 and H2 gas sensing using hydrothermally grown GO–ZnO nanorod composite films, Mater. Res. Express, 7 (2020) 065012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab9ae7
L. H. Minh et al., Hollow ZnO nanorices prepared by a simple hydrothermal method for NO2 and SO2 gas sensors, RSC Adv, 11 (2021) 33613. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA05912B
F.T. Liu, S.F. Gao, S.K. Pei, S.C. Tseng, and C.H.J. Liu, ZnO nanorod gas sensor for NO2 detection, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng, 40 (2009) 528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2009.03.008
P. Sundara Venkatesh, P. Dharmaraj, V. Purushothaman, V. Ramakrishnan, and K. Jeganathan, Point defects assisted NH3 gas sensing properties in ZnO nanostructures, Sensors Actuators B Chem, 212 (2015) 10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2015.01.070
N.D. Khoang et al., On-chip growth of wafer-scale planar-type ZnO nanorod sensors for effective detection of CO gas, Sensors Actuators B Chem, 181 (2013) 529. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2013.02.047
G. Agarwal and R. F. Speyer, Current Change Method of Reducing Gas Sensing Using ZnO Varistors, J. Electrochem. Soc, 145 (1998) 2920. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1838737
R. Gao et al., Highly selective detection of saturated vapors of abused drugs by ZnO nanorod bundles gas sensor, Appl. Surf. Sci, 485 (2019) 266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.04.189
W. Liu et al., Facile synthesis of Pt catalysts functionalized porous ZnO nanowires with enhanced gas-sensing properties, J. Alloys Compd, 947 (2023) 169486. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.169486
M. Sik Choi et al., Selective, sensitive, and stable NO2 gas sensor based on porous ZnO nanosheets, Appl. Surf. Sci, 568 (2021) 150910. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150910
Zhiyong Fan and Jia G. Lu, Chemical Sensing with ZnO Nanowire, in IEEE Sensors,10 (2005) 834.
M. Jiao et al., Comparison of NO2 Gas-Sensing Properties of Three Different ZnO Nanostructures Synthesized by On-Chip Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Growth, J. Electron. Mater, 47 (2018) 785–793. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-017-5829-6
L. Liao et al., Size Dependence of Gas Sensitivity of ZnO Nanorods, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111 (2007) 1900. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jp065963k
P. V. Tong, L. H. Minh, N. V. Duy, and C. M. Hung, Porous In2O3 nanorods fabricated by hydrothermal method for an effective CO gas sensor,” Mater. Res. Bull., 137 (2021) 111179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2020.111179
P. V. Tong, N. D. Hoa, N. V. Duy, D. T. T. Le, and N. V. Hieu, Enhancement of gas-sensing characteristics of hydrothermally synthesized WO3 nanorods by surface decoration with Pd nanoparticles, Sensors Actuators, B Chem, 223 (2016) 453. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2015.09.108
J. Xuan et al., Low-temperature operating ZnO-based NO2 sensors: a review,” RSC Adv., 10 (2020) 39786. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA07328H
C. T. Quy et al., C2H5OH and NO2 sensing properties of ZnO nanostructures: correlation between crystal size, defect level and sensing performance, RSC Adv, 8 (2018) 5629. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA13702H
X. Chen et al., In-situ growth of ZnO nanowire arrays on the sensing electrode via a facile hydrothermal route for high-performance NO2 sensor, Appl. Surf. Sci, 435 (2017) 1096. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.11.222
T. V. A. Kusumam, V. S. Siril, K. N. Madhusoodanan, M. Prashantkumar, Y. T. Ravikiran, and N. K. Renuka, “NO2 gas sensing performance of zinc oxide nanostructures synthesized by surfactant assisted Low temperature hydrothermal technique, Sensors Actuators A Phys, 318 (2021) 112389. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2020.112389
R. C. Pawar, J. W. Lee, V. B. Patil, and C. S. Lee, Synthesis of multi-dimensional ZnO nanostructures in aqueous medium for the application of gas sensor, Sensors Actuators B Chem, 187 (2013) 323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.11.100
A. Z. Sadek, S. Choopun, W. Wlodarski, S. J. Ippolito, and K. Kalantar-zadeh, Characterization of ZnO Nanobelt-Based Gas Sensor for H2, NO2, and Hydrocarbon Sensing, IEEE Sens. J, 7 (2007) 919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2007.895963
R. R. Kumar et al., Ultrasensitive and light-activated NO2 gas sensor based on networked MoS2/ZnO nanohybrid with adsorption/desorption kinetics study,” Appl. Surf. Sci, 536 (2021) 147933. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.147933
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with CIP agree with the following terms:- The manuscript is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. When a manuscript is accepted for publication, the author agrees to automatic transfer of the copyright to the editorial office.
- The manuscript should not be published elsewhere in any language without the consent of the copyright holders. Authors have the right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of their work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their websites) prior to or during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges or/and greater number of citation to the to-be-published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Accepted 30-06-2023
Published 15-08-2023
