Isolation and identification of fungi causing post-harvest spoiled mango fruits vended in Hanoi, Vietnam

Dang Thi Thanh Tam; Do Huyen Trang; Nguyen Thanh Huyen

doi:10.15625/vjbt-21438

Author affiliations

Authors

Dang Thi Thanh Tam \(^1\) Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-251X
Do Huyen Trang \(^1\) Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Nguyen Thanh Huyen \(^1\) Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5734-8743

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/vjbt-21438

Keywords:

Aspergillus niger, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, mango spoilage, Phomopsis sp. pathogenic fungal strains

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most popular and nutritious fruits cultivated widely in Vietnam. However, under increasingly harsh climate conditions, mangoes are easily susceptible to fungal invasion and spoiled, thereby reducing mango yield. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the pathogenic fungal strains of mango to provide useful information for finding effective measures to prevent the diseases. Rotten mango fruits were collected from different markets in Hanoi, Vietnam. Three fungal strains (M1, M2 and M3) were isolated from the studied mangoes samples. All strains were demonstrated as fungal agents associated with mango rot through pathogenicity tests. Microscopic observation showed that the mycelium of these fungal strains was branched and septate. M1 strain formed dark-brown conidiophores and conidia produced on conidiophores. M2 strain produced α- and β-conidia, as well as sub-ovoid and brown sclerotia. Whereas the M3 strain could not produce spores. Additionally, this study determined that all three fungal isolates showed the fastest growth on PDA at 30^oC. The optimum growth of the M1 and M3 strains was observed at pH 5.0 while the M2 strain grew actively at pH 7.0 and 8.0. All selected strains showed the ability to produce extracellular enzymes, in which the M1 strain synthesized both cellulase and pectinase while the M2 and M3 strain secreted only pectinase. Finally, by molecular identification method, the isolates (M1, M2 and M3) were identified as Aspergillus niger isolate M1, Phomopsis sp. M2, Lasiodiplodia theobromae M3, respectively.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abreu L. M., Costa S. S., Pfenning L. H., Takahashi J. A., Larsen T. O. and Andersen B., 2012. Chemical And Molecular Characterization Of Phomopsis And Cytospora-like Endophytes From Different Host Plants In Brazil. Fungal Biology. 116(2): p. 249-260 DOI: http://10.1016/j.funbio.2011.11.008.

Ahmed R. and Mohammed S., 2014. Isolation And Classification of Fungi Associated With Spoilage Of Post-Harvest Mango (Mangifera indica L.) In Saudi Arabia. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 8: p. 685-688 DOI: http://10.5897/AJMR12.1898.

Al-Najada A. R., 2019. Isolation And Characterization Of Post-Harvest Fungal Species And Pathogenicity Assessment Of Spoilt Fruits Sold In Saudi Arabia Market. DOI: http://10.21275/ART20203120.

Choi I. Y., Joa J. H., Cho S. W., Lee W., Galea V. and Shin H. D., 2017. Occurrence Of Stem And Shoot Cankers Caused By Phomopsis fukushii On Mango. Australasian Plant Disease Notes. 12: p. 56 DOI: http://10.1007/s13314-017-0280-3.

Diedhiou P. M., Mbaye N., Dramé A. and Samb P., 2010. Alteration Of Post Harvest Diseases Of Mango Mangifera indica Through Production Practices And Climatic Factors. African Journal of Biotechnology 6(9): p. 1087-1094. Available from: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/57113.

Dukare A., Kumar S., Jangra R., Nehru B., Jalgaonkar K., Meena V., Mahawar M. and Bibwe B., 2019. Cross Pathogenicity Of Botryodiplodia theobromae, An Original Isolate From Guava Fruits On The Different Cultivars Of Mango. International Journal of Chemical Sciences: p. 450-454. Available from: https://www.chemijournal.com/archives/2019/vol7issue2/PartH/6-6-324-283.pdf.

FAO, 2023. Major Tropical Fruits Market Review–Preliminary Results 2022, FAO Rome; Available from: https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/852265a4-9006-4d54-a792-51f1d9c44673/content.

Fatima M. M., Rebecca W. N., Iliya D. U. and Salisu N., 2019. Isolation And Characterization Of Fungal Species From Spoilt Fruits In Utako Market, Abuja, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences. 19(1): p. 15-19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/JAS.2019.15.19.

Gonzalez M. D., Moreno A. Q. and Zapata P. O., 2008. An Improved Method For The Isolation Of Total RNA From Avicennia Germinans Leaves. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung-Section C Journal of Biosciences. 63(1-2): p. 124-126 DOI: http://10.1515/znc-2008-1-222.

Hasan N. and Zanuddin N., 2018. Molecular Identification Of Isolated Fungi From Banana, Mango And Pineapple Spoiled Fruits. Vol. 2020. American Istitute of Physics. DOI: http://10.1063/1.5062700.

Kim Y. K., Xiao C. L. and Rogers J. D., 2005. Influence Of Culture Media And Environmental Factors On Mycelial Growth And Pycnidial Production Of Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens. Mycologia. 97(1): p. 25-32 DOI: http://10.3852/mycologia.97.1.25.

Le H. T., Nguyen V. T. and Dinh T. T. H., 2020. Study On Isolation Of Mangiferin From Mangifera Indica L. Leaves. Journal of Science and Technology. 140: p. 061-064. Available from: http://thuvienlamdong.org.vn:8002/html/php/view.php.

Mascarenhas P., Behere A., Sharma A. and Padwal-Desai S. R., 1996. Post-Harvest Spoilage Of Mango (Mangifera indica) By Botryodiplodia theobromae. Mycological Research. 100(1): p. 27-30 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(96)80096-7.

Mireille A. B., Koffi L., Dadie A. and Ongena M., 2015. Utilisation De Bacillus subtilis GA1 Pour Lutter Contre l'altération De La Mangue En Côte d'Ivoire. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences. 25: p. 3954-3965. Available from: http://www.m.elewa.org/JAPS.

Mitra S. K., 2014. Mango Production In The World–Present Situation And Future Prospect. in XXIX International Horticultural Congress on Horticulture: Sustaining Lives, Livelihoods And Landscapes (IHC2014): IV 1111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1111.41.

Nguyen V. M. L., Phan T. H. T., Nguyen T. H. L., Dao T. H. V., Nguyen V. H., Nguyen T. V. and Nguyen H. C., 2021. Antifungal Potential Of Silver And Copper Nanoparticles Against Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Stem-End Rot of Mango. Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology. 4(19): p. 735-740. Available from: https://vjs.ac.vn/index.php/vjbt/issue/archive.

Ogórek R., 2016. Enzymatic Activity Of Potential Fungal Plant Pathogens And The Effect Of Their Culture Filtrates On Seed Germination And Seedling Growth Of Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.). European Journal of Plant Pathology. 145(2): p. 469-481 DOI: http://10.1007/s10658-016-0860-7.

Palejwala V. A., Sattur A. P. and Modi V. V., 1984. Some Factors Responsible For The Spoilage Of Mangoes By Penicillium cyclopium. Food Microbiology. 1(4): p. 255-262 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0740-0020(84)90059-5.

Poonam A., Kaur A. and Bhise S., 2017. Value-Added Processing And Utilization Of Mango By-Products, in Handbook of Mango Fruit. p. 279-293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119014362.ch14.

Rahi M. S., Jerin I., Sajib S., Islam Z., Chadni K., Hoque A. and Reza M., 2017. Isolation, Characterization And Control Of A Fungus Responsible For Post-Harvest Mango Spoilage From Northern Region Of Bangladesh. International Journal of Biosciences. 11(5): p. 260-269 DOI: http://10.12692/ijb/11.5.260-269.

Rajmane S. D. and Korekar S. L., 2016. Isolation And Identification Of Fungi Associated With Spoilage Of Mango Fruit, India. International Journal of Scientific Research. 5(8): p. 2277-8179 DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.36106/ijsr.

Spina D., Zanchini R., Hamam M., Di Vita G., Chinnici G., Raimondo M., Caracciolo F. and D'Amico M., 2024. Unveiling The Exotic Fascination Of Tropical Fruits: The Role Of Food Values On Consumer Behavior Towards Mangoes. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research. 15: p. 100956 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100956.

Tafinta I. Y., Shehu K., Abdulganiyyu H., Rabe A. M. and Usman A., 2013. Isolation And Identification Of Fungi Associated With The Spoilage Of Sweet Orange (Citrus Sinensis) Fruits In Sokoto State. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science. 21(3): p. 193-196 DOI: http://10.4314/njbas.v21i3.4.

Wanjiku E. K., Waceke J. W., Wanjala B. W. and Mbaka J. N., 2020. Identification And Pathogenicity Of Fungal Pathogens Associated With Stem End Rots Of Avocado Fruits In Kenya. International Journal of Microbiology. 2020: p. 4063697 DOI: http://10.1155/2020/4063697.

Wu P. H., Chang H. X. and Shen Y. M., 2023. Effects Of Synthetic And Environmentally Friendly Fungicides On Powdery Mildew Management And The Phyllosphere Microbiome Of Cucumber. PLoS One. 18(3): p. e0282809 DOI: http://10.1371/journal.pone.0282809.

Zhang Y. J., Zhang S., Liu X. Z., Wen H. A. and Wang M., 2010. A Simple Method Of Genomic DNA Etraction Suitable For Analysis Of Bulk Fungal Strains. Lett Appl Microbiol. 51(1): p. 114-118 DOI: http://10.1111/j.1472-765X.2010.02867.x.