Enhanced antioxidant metabolites and enzyme activities in Vietnamese Ngoc Linh ginseng Panax Vietnamensis Ha et Grushv) induced by yeast extract
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https://doi.org/10.15625/vjbt-23386Keywords:
antioxidant enzyme, catalase, peroxidase, Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv, secondary metabolites, yeast extract.Abstract
for its richness in ginsenoside saponins and exceptional pharmacological properties. However, excessive harvesting in the wild has led to serious depletion of natural populations and raised significant conservation concerns. As a result, alternative strategies are needed to ensure its sustainable use and preservation. In vitro cultivation has emerged as a sustainable approach to enhance bioactive compound production. This study investigated the effects of yeast extract (YE) elicitation at concentrations of 0.1 g/L (YE1) and 0.2 g/L (YE2) on antioxidant enzyme activity and secondary metabolite accumulation in P. vietnamensis to improve cultivation efficiency and phytochemical yield. Results revealed that, regarding antioxidant enzyme activities, YE1 significantly boosted catalase (CAT) activity, while YE2 increased peroxidase (POD) activity, suggesting distinct oxidative stress responses of these two enzymes towards yeast extract elicitation. In terms of chemical compound production, gallic acid, aescin, and quercetin were used as standard compounds to build the standard curve in phytochemical measurement. The results showed that YE1 increased total phenolic content (25 mg gallic acid-equivalent/g extract) and total saponin content (>600 mg aescin-equivalent/g extract), while both YE1 and YE2 significantly increased total flavonoid content (56–57 mg quercetin-equivalent/g extract) compared to the control. A strong positive correlation between the total saponin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic content was obtained, with correlation coefficients of r = 0.96, r = 0.63, and r = 0.83, respectively. Therefore, yeast extract is considered a promising biological elicitor to enhance the phytochemical potential and the sustainable cultivation of Vietnamese Ngoc Linh ginseng.
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