Anti-inflammatory effect of schizandriside isolated from Memecylon scutellatum Lour in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated raw 264.7 murine macrophages
Author affiliations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15625/2615-9023/22414Keywords:
Anti-inflammation, Memecylon scutellatum Lour, schizandrisideAbstract
Inflammation plays a key role in increasing the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. The Memecylon genus is known for its antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of the Memecylon scutellatum Lour remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of schizandriside, a compound isolated from the leaves of M. scutellatum in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. Nitric oxide (NO) production was measured using the Griess assay, TNF-α and IL-6 secretion were quantified through Elisa and iNOS, COX-2 protein level was analyzed by Western blotting. The results demonstrated that schizandriside reduced the production of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 production and strongly inhibited iNOS, COX-2 protein expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. This data suggested that schizandriside has strong potential as an anti-inflammatory agent for treating inflammatory diseases.
Downloads
References
Alexander C. and Rietschel E. T., 2001. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides and innate immunity. Journal of Endotoxin Research, 7(3): 167–202.
Bremer K., 1981. Seeds and embryos in Sri Lanka (Ceylonese) species of Memecylon, with notes on Spathandra (Melastomataceae). Nordic Journal of Botany, 1: 62–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1756-1051.1981.tb01036.x
Chanput W., Mes J., Vreeburg R. A., Savelkoul H. F. and Wichers H. J., 2010. Transcription profiles of LPS-stimulated THP-1 monocytes and macrophages: a tool to study inflammation modulating effects of food-derived compounds. Food & Function, 1(3): 254–261.
Dinarello C. A., 2010. Anti-inflammatory Agents: Present and Future. Cell, 140(6): 935–950.
Elavazhagan, Tamizhamudu and Arunachalam P. K., 2010. Phytochemical and antibacterial studies of seed extracts of Memecylon Edule. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology: 2.
Fang H., Pengal R. A., X. Cao, Ganesan L. P., Wewers M. D., Marsh C. B. and Tridandapani S., 2004. Lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory response is regulated by SHIP. Journal of Immunology, 173(1): 360–366.
Feng D., Ling W. H. and Duan R. D., 2010. Lycopene suppresses LPS-induced NO and IL-6 production by inhibiting the activation of ERK, p38MAPK, and NF-kappaB in macrophages. Inflammation Research, 59(2): 115–121.
Jachak S. M., 2007. PGE synthase inhibitors as an alternative to COX-2 inhibitors. Current Opinion in Investigation Drugs, 8(5): 411–415.
Joshi H., Gururaja M., Joshi A., Disoza U. and Singh S. J. P. R., 2010. Antispasmodic activity of Memecylon umbellatum roots–an in vitro study. The Pharmaceutical Review: 93.
Joshi H., Sati H. and Gururaj M., 2009. Anti-inflammatory potential of Memecylon umbellatum root extract. Journal of Indian Science Abstracts: 14227.
Jung Y. C., Kim M. E., Yoon J. H., Park P. R., Youn H. Y., Lee H. W. and Lee J. S., 2014. Anti-inflammatory effects of galangin on lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages via ERK and NF-κB pathway regulation. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 36(6): 426–432.
Jung Y. S., Kim D. H., Hwang J. Y., Yun N. Y., Lee Y. H., Han S. B., Hwang B. Y., Lee M. S., Jeong H. S. and Hong J. T., 2014. Anti-inflammatory effect of tricin 4’-O-(threo-β-guaiacylglyceryl) ether, a novel flavonolignan compound isolated from Njavara on in RAW 264.7 cells and in ear mice edema. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 277(1): 67–76.
Jussieu A. L. d. and Usteri P., 1791. Genera plantarum, secundum ordines naturales disposita, juxta methodum in Horto regio parisiensi exaratam, anno M.DCC.LXXIV. Turici Helvetorum, sumtibus Ziegleri & Filiorum.
Kshirsagar R. D. and Singh N. P., 2001. Some less known ethnomedicinal uses from Mysore and Coorg districts, Karnataka state, India. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 75(2–3): 231–238.
LaFrankie J. V., 2010. Trees of tropical Asia: An illustrated guide to diversity, Black Tree Publications.
Liu H., Sidiropoulos P., Song G., Pagliari L. J., Birrer M. J., Stein B., Anrather J. and Pope R. M., 2000. TNF-α gene expression in macrophages: regulation by NF-κB is independent of c-Jun or C/EBPβ1. The Journal of Immunology, 164(8): 4277–4285.
Murakami A. and Ohigashi H., 2007. Targeting NOX, INOS and COX-2 in inflammatory cells: chemoprevention using food phytochemicals. International Journal of Cancer, 121(11): 2357–2363.
Nualkaew S., Rattanamanee K., Thongpraditchote S., Wongkrajang Y. and Nahrstedt A., 2009. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and wound healing activities of the leaves of Memecylon edule Roxb. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 121(2): 278–281.
Nguyen Tuan Phuong, 2023. Study on extraction, structural identification and evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of some compounds isolated from compounds isolated from Memecylon scutellatum (Lour.). Thesis of Organic Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology.
Olefsky J. M. and Glass C. K., 2010. Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Annual Review of Physiology, 72: 219–246.
Padukone S., 2013. Pharmacological and gross behavioral studies on Memecylon terminale Dalz, a medicinal plant from Western Ghats in southern India. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences: 81–92.
Perkins D. J. and Kniss D. A., 1999. Blockade of nitric oxide formation down-regulates cyclooxygenase-2 and decreases PGE2 biosynthesis in macrophages. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 65(6): 792–799.
Prakasha H. M., Krishnappa M., Krishnamurthy Y. L. and Poornima S. V., 2010. Folk medicine of NR Pura taluk in Chikmagalur district of Karnataka. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 9: 55–60.
Puratchikody A. and Nagalakshmi, 2007. Wound healing activity of Memecylon umbellatum Burm. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2: 179–186.
Ren J., L. Li, Wang Y., Zhai J., Chen G. and Hu K., 2019. Gambogic acid induces heme oxygenase-1 through Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibits NF-κB and MAPK activation to reduce inflammation in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Biomedicine Pharmacotherapy, 109: 555–562.
Scheller J., Chalaris A., Schmidt-Arras D. and Rose-John S., 2011. The pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of the cytokine interleukin-6. Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 1813(5): 878–888.
Scrivo R., Vasile M., Bartosiewicz I. and Valesini G., 2011. Inflammation as “common soil” of the multifactorial diseases. Autoimmunology Review, 10(7): 369–374.
Stone R. D., 2012. Endemism, species richness and morphological trends in Madagascan memecylon (Melastomataceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution, 145(2): 145–151.
Stone R. D., 2014. The species-rich, paleotropical genus Memecylon (Melastomataceae): Molecular phylogenetics and revised infrageneric classification of the African species. Taxon, 63(3): 539–561.
Su D. M., Wang Y. H., Yu S. S., Yu D. Q., Hu Y. C., Tang W. Z., Liu G. T., Wang W. J., 2007. Glucosides from the roots of Capparis tenera. Chemisty and Biodiversity, 4(12): 2852–62.
Tran Thi Thu Phuong., Duong Thu Trang., Le Thanh Huong, Tran. Huu Giap, Nguyen Thi Minh Hang, Nguyen Xuan Nhiem and Nguyen Hai Dang, 2024. Chemical constituents from Memecylon Scutellatum with nitric oxide inhibitory activity. Natural Product Communications, 19(12).
Tumkur R. B., Nadafi R. and Prakash H. S., 2014. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of different solvent extracts of Memecylon talbotianum Brandis. International Journal of Phytopharmacy, 4: 148–152.
Tumkur R. B., Sampath K. K. K. and Prakash H. S., 2016. Memecylon species: a review of traditional information and taxonomic description. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8: 26–34
Valledor A., Comalada M., Santamaría-Babi L., Lloberas J. and Celada A., 2010. Macrophage proinflammatory activation and deactivation. A question of balance. Advances in Immunology, 108: 1–20.
Zeilhofer H. U. and Brune K., 2006. Analgesic strategies beyond the inhibition of cyclooxygenases. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 27(9): 467–474.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Duong Thu Trang, Tran Tuan Anh, Nguyen Quang Huy, Nguyen Thi Huyen Trang, Do Thi Trang, Duong Thi Dung, Nguyen Trang Linh, Tran Huong Giang, Nguyen Tuan Phong, Nguyen Phuong Minh, Nguyen Hai Dang, Tran Thi Thu Phuong
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Academia Journal of Biology (AJB) is an open-access and peer-reviewed journal. The articles published in the AJB are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits for immediate free access to the articles to read, download, copy, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), and without subscription charges or registration barriers. The full details of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License are available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.
