Molecular markers for analysis of plant genetic diversity

Vu Tuan Nam, Pham Le Bich Hang, Nguyen Nhat Linh, Luu Han Ly, Huynh Thi Thu Hue, Nguyen Hai Ha, Ha Hong Hanh, Le Thi Thu Hien
Author affiliations

Authors

  • Vu Tuan Nam Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1854-5661
  • Pham Le Bich Hang Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Nguyen Nhat Linh Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Luu Han Ly Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Huynh Thi Thu Hue Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Nguyen Hai Ha
  • Ha Hong Hanh Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
  • Le Thi Thu Hien Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/18/4/15326

Keywords:

DNA sequencing analysis, genetic diversity, molecular markers, SNP, SSR

Abstract

Genetic diversity plays an important role in diversity conservation at multiple levels and supports to monitor and assess genetic variation. In plants, genetic diversity provides the ability to adapt and respond to environmental conditions that helps plants to survive through changing environments. Genetic diversity analyses based on molecular genetic markers are effective tools for conservation and reintroduction of rare and endangered species. In recent years, the development of various chemical and molecular techniques for studying genetic diversity has received great attention. While biochemical markers are primarily used in the diagnosis of pathogens, DNA markers have been developed and widely applied for identification of species and population based on the genotype of an organism that is more stable and not easily affected by the environmental factors. PCR-based molecular marker tools, such as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are used for analysing the difference in the targeted DNA sequences. With the rapid and robust development of genomic sequencing technology it is now possible to obtain and analyse DNA sequences of the whole genome of studied organisms. However, each type of DNA markers has different principles, as well as the pros and cons of specificity. In this article, we review methods and point out DNA markers, which are considered as reliable and widely used tools for the detection of genetic variation. In addition, we present the application of DNA marker in analysing genetic diversity of wild, domestic and medicinal plants, as well as some perspectives on the future of DNA marker’s application in the analysis of genetic diversity.

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Published

24-05-2021

How to Cite

Nam, V. T., Hang, P. L. B., Linh, N. N., Ly, L. H., Hue, H. T. T., Ha, N. H., Hanh, H. H., & Hien, L. T. T. (2021). Molecular markers for analysis of plant genetic diversity. Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology, 18(4), 589–608. https://doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/18/4/15326

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