@article{Hong_Ngoc Mai_Lam_Tam_Thu Thuy_Ha_Thom_Hoang_Anh_Hoai Thu_2013, title={Combined effects of nitrate concentration and illumination conditions on the growth of microalga Haematococcus pluvialis}, volume={34}, url={https://vjs.ac.vn/index.php/vjbio/article/view/2688}, DOI={10.15625/0866-7160/v34n4.2688}, abstractNote={<p>Astaxanthin (3, 3’- dihydroxy β, β carotene - 4,4 - dione) is a biologically active pigment with applications in aquaculture, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Although astaxanthin can be synthesized by plants, bacteria, a few fungi, and green algae, the amounts produced by the green microalga <em>Haematococcus pluvialis </em>surpass any other reported source. However, this microalga is not easily commercially cultivated because of the low cell growth rate, sensitivity of the cells to high hydrodynamic stress and changes in cell morphology under various environmental conditions. This work aimed to investigate the combined effects of nitrate concentration and illumination conditions on the cultivation of vegetative cells <em>Haematococcus pluvialis</em> to achieve high cell density. A 25% increase in the maximum cell density was observed as the NaNO<sub>3</sub> concentration in RM medium increased from 300 to 1200 mg/l. In addition, the obtained results also shown that the perfusion culture process plus increasing of nitrate concentration and controlling illumination conditions is an effective strategy for high-density cultivation of <em>H. pluvialis. </em>The maximum cell density of 3.2 × 10<sup>6</sup> cells/ml on the 22<sup>nd </sup>day yielded from a culture illuminated with 16 h light/ 8 h dark cycle in which time of illumination by flourescent lamps is 10 hours and time of combined illumination by fluorescent lamps and UV lamps is 6 hours. The highest cell density of the culture illuminated with fluorescent lamps 2.5 klux for 12 h per day and the culture illuminated with fluorescent lamps 4.3 klux for 16 h per day reached 0.9 × 10<sup>6 </sup>cells/ml and 1.8 × 10<sup>6 </sup>cells/ml after 19 days of cultivation, respectively.</p>}, number={4}, journal={Academia Journal of Biology}, author={Hong, Dang Diem and Ngoc Mai, Dinh Thi and Lam, Bui Dinh and Tam, Luu Thi and Thu Thuy, Nguyen Thi and Ha, Nguyen Cam and Thom, Le Thi and Hoang, Dinh Duc and Anh, Hoang Lan and Hoai Thu, Ngo Thi}, year={2013}, month={Jan.}, pages={493–499} }