Optic bionanospherical probe from Gd\(_2\)O\(_3\): Yb, Er upconverting nanosphere and mAb^CD133 antibody for precise imaging label of cancer stem cell NTERA-2

Huong Nguyen; Thi Thao Do; Nghia Nguyen Trong; Nga Nguyen Thi; Lien Pham Thi; Phuong Ha Thi; Nghia Nguyen Van; Duong Vu; Huong Tran Thu; Anh Tran Kim; Quoc Minh Le

doi:10.15625/0868-3166/18226

Author affiliations

Authors

Nguyen Thanh Huong \(^{1}\)Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
\(^2\)Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4468-8965
Do Thi Thao \(^{1}\)Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
\(^2\)Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Nguyen Trong Nghia \(^{1}\)Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
\(^2\)Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Nguyen Thi Nga \(^{1}\)Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
\(^2\)Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Pham Thi Lien \(^{1}\)Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
\(^2\)Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Ha Thi Phuong Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Nguyen Van Nghia Thuyloi University, Hanoi 116705, Vietnam
Vu Duong \(^{1}\)Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
\(^2\)Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Tran Thu Huong \(^{1}\)Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
\(^2\)Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Tran Kim Anh Institute of Research and Development, 3 Quang Trung, Da Nang 55000, Vietnam
Le Quoc Minh\(^{\star}\) \(^{1}\)Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
\(^2\)Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/18226

Keywords:

Bionanoprobe, upconversion Gd2O3:Yb, Er, label, cancer stem cells NTERA-2

Abstract

Rare earth photonic nanomaterials are increasingly prominently applied in various fields of biomedicine. Currently, there is greater focus on the investigation to control the size and shape of nanomaterials, including the nanospherical form, which allows for precise labeling by only one nanoparticle. This paper demonstrates, for the first time, the construction of a biological nanospherical probe (BNSP) Gd₂O₃: Yb³⁺, Er³⁺/Silica/NH/mAb^CD133 for diagnostic labeling of cancer stem cells (CSCs) NTERA-2. The BNSP was constructed using highly monodisperse spheres with around 200nm uniform size of Gd₂O₃: 7.6% Yb³⁺, 1.6% Er³⁺. They were functionalized by an amine group-contained shell coating and conjugated with CD133 monoclonal antibody. The functionalized nanosphere Gd₂O₃: Yb, Er/silica/NH₂ showed strong upconversion luminescence in red color upon laser excitation in the near-infrared region at 975 nm. The Gd₂O₃: Yb³⁺, Er³⁺/silica/NH₂wascarefully implemented to conjugate mAb^CD133 via a linker, glutaraldehyde, to obtain the predictable probe Gd₂O₃: Yb³⁺, Er³⁺/Silica/NH/mAb^CD133. Then, this BNSP was tested in vitro for its capacity to label NTERA-2 cancer stem cells. The efficient labeling based on the fluorescent immunoassay method was detected by incorporating a nanophotometer, Field Energy Scan Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and precisely determined by fluorescent microscopy. The study shows that the BNSP is highly efficient with targeting capacity and specificity in the labeling of cancer stem cells. These advanced results open up promising avenues for the development of precise imaging diagnostics in cancer cellular biomedicine, and beyond.

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