Influence of magnetic field and temperature on negative refractive index in a degenerate three-level atomic system

Bang Nguyen Huy; Luong Thi Yen Nga; Ai Nguyen Van; Doai Le Van

doi:10.15625/0868-3166/22871

Author affiliations

Authors

Nguyen Huy Bang Vinh University, 182 Le Duan Street, Vinh City, Vietnam
Luong Thi Yen Nga Vinh University, 182 Le Duan Street, Vinh City, Vietnam
Nguyen Van Ai Ha Tinh University, Ha Tinh City, Vietnam
Le Van Doai Vinh University, 182 Le Duan Street, Nghe An Province, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1850-3437

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/22871

Abstract

This work investigates the manipulation of the negative refractive index in a degenerate three-level \( \Lambda \)-type atomic system in the presence of an external magnetic field and Doppler broadening. The results show that the bandwidth of the negative refractive index can be significantly broadened by increasing the coupling laser intensity; for example, when \( \Omega_c \) increases from \( 30\gamma \) to \( 60\gamma \), the bandwidth expands from \( [0.5\gamma, 1.5\gamma] \) to \( [1.2\gamma, 4\gamma] \). The spectral position can be flexibly tuned by adjusting the magnetic field, shifting toward lower (higher) frequencies for \( B = -1\gamma_c \) (\( B = 2\gamma_c \)). Temperature has a pronounced effect on both the range and amplitude; increasing the temperature from \( 200\,\mathrm{K} \) to \( 400\,\mathrm{K} \) narrows the range from \( [-1.6\gamma_c, -0.2\gamma_c] \) to \( [-1.1\gamma_c, -0.5\gamma_c] \). These findings may facilitate experimental realization and potential practical applications of EIT-based negative-index materials.

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