Communications in Physics

Composites of conducting polymers and nanoparticles for thin-film-multilayers OLEDs, OSCs and gas sensors

2025-01-03T17:12:40+07:00

In this work is a general view on nanostructured polymeric composite materials used for preparation and characterization of a group of organic optoelectronic devices, such as Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), Solar Cells (OSCs) and Gas Sensors (OGSs). From recent references, this work gives informations on structural, morphological, electrical and optical properties as well as perfomance behaviour of the nanocomposite devies. The analyzed data have demonstrated that nanostructured composite materials consisting of conducting polymers (CP) and nanoparticles have significantly contributed to enhance both the performance parameters and working time of devices. The presence of inorganic nanoparticles in polymers has strongly influenced all physical properties of the polymers. In this work we concentrated to analyze the most interesting properties of the OLEDs, OSCs and OGSs, such as electro-luminescence, photo-electrical conversion, and gas sensing. This review work also shows in general, the discovery source of the CPs, some typical CPs and their composites used for the fabrication of nanocomposite devices which aim at different practical purposes.

Impact of CHF Correlations on DNBR of the TRIGA Mark II Research Reactor under different operational modes and burn-up conditions

2024-12-18T13:16:28+07:00

Departure from Nucleate Boiling Ratio (DNBR) is a crucial thermal hydraulics safety parameter for nuclear reactors. Hence selecting appropriate DNBR correlation is vital for design, licence and operation. The Bernath, Misrak, and Tong correlations have been utilized in PARET/ANL code in this study to calculate DNBR in TRIGA Mark II research reactor during both steady state and transient conditions, spanning from the beginning of cycle (BOC) to 1000 MWD of operation life. The findings reveal that the Bernath correlation consistently yields the lowest values across all operational phases compared to the Misrak and Tong correlations. Remarkably, the results obtained from the Bernath correlation align with the recommendations put forth by the General Atomics (GA) and Safety Analysis Report. Consequently, it is deemed suitable for application throughout all modes of reactor operation.

Comparison of optical features in nitrobenzene-core PCF with hexagonal and square lattices in the claddings

2024-12-03T12:04:37+07:00

This paper proposes two novel photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with a nitrobenzene core, designed using hexagonal and square lattice structures. The characteristics of the PCFs were numerically analyzed in detail and compared to selecting the proposed optimal structure for supercontinuum generation. This study investigates the influence of core diameter (D_C) on the characteristics of PCF. The fiber’s nonlinear properties are significantly enhanced by varying the core diameter. The hexagonal PCF structures provide flatter dispersion curves and are closer to zero dispersion than the square lattice, which is beneficial for supercontinuum generation. In contrast, the square PCF structures show higher nonlinear coefficients and lower attenuation than the corresponding hexagonal structures. Based on the simulation results, six optimized structures with all-normal and anomalous dispersion were selected to study the characteristics at the pump wavelength. Results indicate that the proposed PCFs exhibit near-zero flat dispersion, low attenuation and high nonlinearity. The selected optimal structures show potential for efficient supercontinuum generation, enabling broad and highly coherent spectra.